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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. E. RICHARD.

@ MACHINE FOR HARDING HOOKS AND EYES.

No. 561,341. Patented June 2, 1896.

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(No Model.)

J. E. RIOHARD. V MACHINE FOR GARDING HOOKS AND EYE3.

No. 561,341. Patented June 2, 1896.

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' J. E. RICHARD.

MACHINE FOR GARDING HOOKS AND EYES. N0. 561,341.

Patented June 2, 1896.

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JEAN E. RICHARD, OF NElV YORK, N. Y.

MACHINE FORCARDING HOOKS AND EYES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 561 ,341 dated June 2,1896.

Application filed May 22, 1895. Serial No. 550,183. (No model.)

To ctZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that l, JEAN E. RICHARD, a citizen of the United States,residing in the city, county, and State of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Carding Hooks andEyes, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to a machine, mainly in the nature of asewing-machine with a gang of needles, for sewing hooks and eyes oncards, that being the ordinary method of mounting such wares for sale.

The invention comprises, as to its general features, a sewing-machinehaving a plurality of needles and the corresponding stitch-producingmechanisms, a carriage which is advanced or fed along intermittentlyunder the needles, and a holder for the hooks and eyes and the card towhich they are to be sewed, which holder is adapted to be mounted removably on the ii'itermittentlymoved carriage.

A machine embodying my invention is illustrated in theaccompanyingdrawings, where 1n- Figure 1 is a front elevation of themachine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same, showing the left-handside; and Fig. 3 is a rear elevation of the machine. The above are theprincipal views. The other views illustrate details. Fig. 1 is atransverse section of the ratchet feeding mechanism. Fig. 5 is a sideview of the same. Fig. 6 is a plan View of the same, and Fig. 7 is aview of the side opposite to that seen in Fig. 5. Fig. 8 is a sectionalView of the head of the machine, illustrating the needle operatingmechanism. Figs. 9 and 10 are views illustrating the holder for thehooks and eyes and the card, the former being a plan view with the cardpartly broken away and the latter an edge or side elevation showing theholder-face down as it rests on the carriage. Fig. 11 is a view similarto the lower part of Fig. 3, illustrating the operation of the automaticstop device of the machine. Fig. 12 illustrates a roller-bearing for theratchet-bar of the machine.

1 designates the base of the machine, 2 the overhanging arm thereon, and3 the head.

4 is the main shaft; 5, the auxiliary shaft in the overhanging arm,which shaft operates the ncedle-bar 6. The shaft 5 is rocked by the mainshaft through a connecting-rod 7, coupled at its lower end to a crank 8on the main shaft and at its upper end to a crank 9 on the shaft 5. Onthe main shaft is loosely mounted a driving-sheave 10, adapted to beclutched on the shaft by a friction-clutch mechanism to be hereinafterdescribed.

On the arm 2 is mounted a table 11, which bears the spool-holders 12,the tension devices 13 for the upper threads, and a guidepost14= for thelatter. The several threads from the spools m, which threads are hereindicated by broken lines, are led from the post 14 to and about aguide-bar 15 on the front plate of the machine-head 3, thence up to andthrough eyes on the take-up device 16, and thence down through suitablethread-guides to the several needles 17 in the needle-bar 6. As hereinshown, there are four needles arranged abreast and properly spaced.

The needle-bar is operated by the crank pin of a crank 18 on the outerend of the shaft 5, (seen in dotted lines in Fig. 8,) said pin engaginga somewhat S-shaped camgroove in the face of a lever-rocker 19,pivotally mounted on the head 3, said rocker being coupled to theneedle-bar at its front end by a link 20.

Under the cloth-plate or table 21 of the machine is mounted theshuttle-carrier. This device comprises two arms 22, fixed on arock-shaft 23 in the base of the machine and parallel with the mainshaft. These arms carry a tie-plate 24, on which are mounted four likecradles 25, which support the respective shuttles 26. The cradles 25 arecurved substantially concentric with the shaft 23, (except where theshuttles lie,) and each has suitable end stops for the shuttle. Thewalls 26 of the shuttle-races, against which the flat open sides orfaces of the respective shuttles are applied in their reciprocatingmovements, are formed of thin plates pendent from the cloth-plate. Thislatter does-not serve the purpose of supporting cloth in this machine,but it takes the place of the clothplate in ordinary sewing-machines.

The rock-shaft 23, Fig. 1, is rocked through the medium of an eccentric27 on the main shaft and an eccentric-rod 28, coupled to a whichdepresses it, and 32 is the lifting-lever for said foot.

I will now describe-the carriage for the holder and the mechanism forfeeding the carriage intermittently.

designates the carriage as a whole. It rests on and is adapted to moveto and fro over the cloth-plate 21 and is provided 011 its upper surfacewith a guide-frame 34 to receive the holder. The carriage is provided atits lower part with a ratchet-bar 35, which, as here shown, is connectedrigidly to the upper plate of the carriage by a pendent tiepiece 36. Thebar 35 has ratchet-teeth on a rib 35 on its inner face, as seen in Figs.4, 5, and 6, with which is normally engaged a spring-pawl 37, mounted onan arm 38 on a short rock-shaft 39 in the frame of the machine. The pawlis held normally retracted by a spring 40 about the shaft 39, and thelatter is rocked in such a manner as to cause the pawl to advance theratchet-bar once at each revolution of the main shaft by the impingementof a cam 41 on said shaft on a short arm 39 on the shaft 39. Thisconstruction is clearly illustrated in Figs. 1, 4, and 5.

Thus at each rotation of the main shaft a stitch is produced and thecarriage 33 is fed or moved forward to the extent of one stitch.

I will now describe the holder for the hooks and eyes and the card. Thisholder is entirely detached from the machine and forms no part of theoperative mechanism thereof, and in the operation of the machine aconsiderable number of such holders will be required to get the bestresults from the machine.

Referring to the principal views, in connection with Figs. 9 and 10, theholder, which I will designate as a whole by A, is flat or planesurfaced and comprises, as herein shown, two like bars 42, of softvulcanized rubber or other like yielding and clasping material, havingformed in their lower faces (turned upward in Fig. 9) recesses 43 of theproper shape and depth to receive and hold a hook and eye 3 coupledtogether as they usually are when stitched on a card for sale. In Fig.9, which is an illustration view, the card .2, to which the hooks andeyes are to be stitched, is partly broken away, and in this view andFig. 10 some of the hooks and eyes are omitted, the better to show theclasping-recesses 43. \Vhen the connected hook and eye are placed by theoperator in a recess 43, the soft material of the bar 42 holds them byexterior pressure on the parts thereof in the recess, the loops on theends of the hook and eye extending beyond the edges of the strips 42.The strips 42 are backed by some thin hard material 42 which may be ofhard rubber, gutta-percha, celluloid, metal, &c., and are connected attheir ends by binding-pieces 42 The margins of these binding-piecesoverhang to form keepers at each end of the holder to receive the endsof the cards 2, which is applied over the face of the filled strips 42and secured by tucking its ends into said keepers.

hen the holder shall have been filled as described and the card placedin it, said filled holder is placed face down on the carriage 33 withinthe guide-frame 34, which registers the holder properly with the needlesand compels it to advance step by step with the carriage, the needlespassing through the loops of the hooks and eyes and stitching them tothe card. The rollers of the presser-foot 3O bear on thereinforcing-plates 42 on the backs of the strips 42 and press theholderA firmly down upon the carriage, which will be slotted where theneedles must pass.

It will be understood that the holder A is fed along under the needlesas the stitching proceeds, the lines of stitching securing the hooks andeyes to the card, and when the last stitches are taken the machine isautomatically stopped by throwing a friction-clutch out of gear. Thisdevice I will now describe.

As stated before, the sheave 10 rotates freely on the main shaft. It hasin its face a conical recess forming one member of the clutch, the othermember, 10 being a cone splined 011 the main shaft and backed, Fig. 1,by a spring 10, tending to press said cone into the recess in the sheave10 as in any friction-clutch. In the boss of the clutch member 10 is acircumferential groove, with which engages a clutch-rod 44, Figs. 3 and11, which is coupled at its opposite end to a lever 45, fulcrumed on themachine-frame adjacent to the path of the feeding ratchet-bar. Thislever 45 bears at its lower or pendent end a roller 45 which, when theholder A has been fed forward far enough to complete the stitching, isimpinged upon by a cam 46, Figs. 6 and 7,carried by the ratchet-bar andforced back to an extent sufficient to swing back the lever 45 andwithdraw the clutch member 10 out of contact with the other memberthereof and thus arrest the motion of the machine. \Vhen the lever 45 isthus swung over by the cam, the parts will assume the position seen inFig. 11, and the lever will be automatically locked in this position bya toe or detent 47 X on a weighted lever 47, Figs. 3 and 4, engaging orentering a rabbet 45 in the lower end of the lever 45. The lever 47 isfulcrumed on the machine-frame at the back, as clearly shown in Figs. 3and 11. To start the machine, the carriage 33 is first retracted, thenthe operator raises the weighted end of lever 47, frees the lever 45,and allows the spring 10 to put the clutch members into engagement.

I may say here that the ratchet-bar 35, as clearly shown in Fig. (3, isconnected rigidly to an auxiliary bar 35* by distancing-blocks, wherebythe two bars form really one bar. It is this bar 35 which carries thecam 46, the latter being secured adjustably thereto, so that it may beset to stop the machine when the carriage shall have been advanced tothe proper point or extent. After the stitching is'completed and themachine stopped the can riage 33 must be drawn back to receive anotherfilled holder, and to do this the pawl 37 must be disengaged from theratchet-teeth on the bar 35. To effect this, I provide the pawlliftingdevices best illustrated in Figs. 4, 5, and (3.

On the pawl 37 is alaterally-projecting stud 37, and coupled to theinner face of the ratchet-bar 35 by short links 48 is a liftingrod 48,extending parallel with the bar 35 and situated below the stud 37. Byraising the rod 48 at any point in the travel of the carriage 33 somepart of said rod will take under the stud 37 and lift the pawl free fromthe ratchet-teeth, and thus leave the carriage free to be moved forwardor back at will. In order, then, to allow the operator to lift the rod48 conveniently, I provide a lifting-lever 49, which is connected to theratchet-bar 35 at 40 in Fig. 5 by a slotted fulcrum connec tion andcouple this lever to the lifter-rod 48 at 40 By lifting on theforwardly-projecting end of the lever 49 the rod 48 may be lifted at anytime to free the carriage.

In order that the operator may be able to draw the carriage back toprecisely the proper extent to begin the stitching, the ratchet-bar 35is provided with an adjustable stop 50, (seen best in Figs. 2, 3, and(3,) which when the carriage is drawn out to the front to receive afilled holder impinges against the frame and stops it at the properpoint. In

.Fig. 2 the head of the stop 50 is shown in dotted lines as impingingagainst the frame at 50.

The holders A may be left connected by the stitchingthreads if desired,and be cut apart afterward by severing the threads, or they may be cutaway as they pass under the needles. Preferably the cloth-plate 21 willhave an incline 21 at the back of the machine, Fig. 2, to support theconnected holders. This incline or chute down which the holders slideafter the stitching puts a slight tension on the threads from theneedles and facilitates the stitching. One holder will be left connectedwith the threads at all times by pref erence, as this will obviateholding the threads by hand in starting.

Fig. 12 illustrates a construction in which the ratchet-bar 35 ismounted in'grooved rollers instead of in bearinggrooves in the frame.The construction of Fig. 1.2 is merely design ed to lessen the frictionof the parts.

It will be understood that after the motion of the machine is arrestedthe detent 47 on the lever 47 holds it arrested until the oper atorfrees the detent. Thus the operator is permitted to move the carriage toand fro at will without setting the machine in motion.

The rollers of the Presser-foot 30 have flanges 30 which embrace thelateral edges of the strips 42, as clearly shown in Fig. 3, and guidethe holder in its movements should there be any looseness in theguide-frame. This will insure the needles always passing through theloops of the hooks and eyes in the holder.

The holder A will, as stated, have the strips 42 made from some yieldingsoft material by preference; but as the main purpose is to hold thehooks and eyes in their recesses by elastic pressure or friction appliedto them externally some harder material might be used for the strips andthe lateral compressibility and elasticity of the hooks and eyesthemselves be relied on wholly or partially as a retaining force. In anycase, the width of the recesses will be such that the hooks and eyeswill be pressed upon at their opposite lateral edges by the walls of therecesses and the hooks and eyes thus held in place. lVhere the hooks andeyes are coated. with metal likely to be tarnished by the sulfur in therubber, it will be obvious some other suitable material must besubstituted for the same.

I would call especial attention to the fact that my holders A form nopart of the ma chine and bear no part of the feeding mechanism, thelatter and the non-detachable carriage being parts of the machine.

I am aware that it is not new in machines for carding hooks and eyes toemploy an endless or con tinuous holder mounted on pulleys like a belt,and this I do not claim. It would not serve my purpose, as I must employa separate holder for each card. I am aware, also, that it is not new,broadly, to employ separate holders for the cards to which the hooks andeyes are to be sewed, but so far as I am aware these holders have alwaysbeen provided with ratchet mechanism for feeding and form in substance apart of the machine proper. Moreover, these holders differ from mine inother material respects.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. The combination with. amachine forsewing hooks and eyes to a card, of a holder for the hooksand eyes and card, said holder be in g of soft, elastic material, asrubber for example, provided with recesses to receive the hooks andeyes, and keepers to hold the card in place, said recesses being of suchwidth as to fit and clamp the hooks and eyes laterally and thus holdthem in place by elastic pressure on their edges, substantially as setforth.

2. The combination with a sewing-machine, having a plurality of needles,eomplemental stitch-forming mechanism, a stationary, supporting-plate, anon-detachable carriage having on it suitable guides, and meansconnected with and forming part of the machine for feeding said carriageunder the needles in an intermittent manner, of a holder A, for thehooks and eyes and the card to which they are to be stitched, saidholder being wholly independent of the carriage of the machine andprovided with means to fit to the guides on the same so that it may becarried under the needles, subtantially as set forth.

3. The combination with a machine for sew ing hooks and eyes onto acard, of a holderA for the hooks and eyes and the card, said holdercomprising parallel bars of soft, vulcanized rubber, or like elasticmaterial, provided with recesses to receive the hooks and eyes and claspthem laterally and exteriorly, backing-plates on said bars, of someharder material, and keepers at the respective ends of said bars toreceive and hold the card, substantially as set forth.

4. In a sewing-machine for sewing hooks and eyes to cards, thecombination with the gang of needles, the needle-bar, the complementalstitch-forming mechanism, and the supporting or cloth plate, of thenon-detachable carriage for the holder A, provided with a ratchet-barmounted in bearings in the ma chine-frame, a vibrating pawl and means tomove said bar'intermittently for feeding said carriage, a stop mechanismto limit the movement of said carriage when it is drawn back to receivea detachable filled holder, a lifting mechanism, adapted to disengagethe pawl so that the carriage may be moved in either direction, and thesaid holder A, substantially as set forth.

5. In a sewing-machine for stitching hooks and eyes to cards, thecombination with the carriage to support the hook-and-eye holder,

the ratchet-bar, and the vibrating pawl for,

operating said bar, of the main shaft, the driving-sheave 10, rotativelymounted on said shaft, a spring-clutch adapted to fix said sheavenormally to the main shaft, the pivoted lever 45, connected to onemember of said clutch, said lever having a stud or part projecting intothe path of a cam carried by the ratchet-bar, the said cam, adapted todisplace the lever 45 and disengage the clutch when the carriage reachesthe end of its movement toward the rear of the machine, and means,substantially as described for antomatically holding said lever in itsdisplaced position, substantially as set forth.

6. In a machine for stitching hooks and eyes to cards, the combinationwith the nondetachable carriage mounted on and forming a part of themachine, and the ratchet-bar 35, connected therewith, of the main shaft,the cam 41-, 011 the same, the rock-shaft 39, provided with a lateralprojection in the path of said cam, with a pawl-arm 38, and with apawl-retracting spring, the pawl on said arm, the lifting-rod 48,mounted 011 the ratchetbar, and the operating-lever 49, coupled to saidlifting-rod and f ulcrumed on the ratchetbar, the elongated lifting-barbeing arranged under a projection on the pawl, whereby the latter may belifted out of engagement, whatever position the carriage may be in, asset forth.

7. A sewing-machine having a gang of necdles arranged abreast andproperly spaced, complemental stitch-forming mechanism, a non-detachablecarriage 33, mounted on and forming part of said machine, mechanism forfeeding said carriage intermittently at each stitch, said mechanism alsoforming part of the machine, a stop mechanism controlled by the movingcarriage, and means for disengaging said carriage from the mechanismwhich feeds it, in combination with a holder for the hooks and eyes andthe card to which they are to be sewed, said holder being whollyseparate from the machine and adapted to rest on the carriage and movewith it, as set forth.

8. The combination with a machine for sewing hooks and eyes on a card,of a detachable holder for the hooks and eyes and card, said holdercomprising bars having recesses which receive the hooks and eyes andclamp them elastically at their edges with sufficient force to hold themin place, and keepers which re ceive and hold the card in position, saidholder being fiat or plane surfaced, substantially as set forth.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

JEAN E. RICHARD.

Vitnesses:

HENRY CoNNEr'r, PETER A. Ross.

